Congo Rights Abuses May Amount to War Crimes: UN

During the peak of conflict in eastern DR Congo, UNICEF estimated that a child was raped every 30 minutes.

In eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), Rwandan-backed rebels, Congolese troops, and allied militias have all committed human rights abuses—some possibly amounting to war crimes—the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights said in Geneva on Monday.

Volker Türk told the Human Rights Council that investigations and analysis by his office, OHCHR, revealed “an apparent total disregard for the protection of civilians during and after military operations.”

OHCHR’s Fact-Finding Mission in eastern DRC is also investigating other alleged violations of international humanitarian law, “many of which may amount to war crimes,” he said.

Arbitrary Arrests

After capturing cities and villages in early 2025, the M23—Rwanda-backed rebels—arbitrarily arrested police officers and large numbers of civilians, including children, the UN human rights office reported.

According to witnesses, those captured were, and still are, being held in “inhumane conditions,” and many were forcibly recruited into the ranks of the M23.

The Mission is also investigating alleged arbitrary arrests and enforced disappearances of suspected M23 supporters by the DRC military’s intelligence wing.

Extrajudicial Killings

OHCHR also reported that M23 members carried out summary and extrajudicial executions, which likely amount to war crimes, said Mr. Türk.

The Mission is also investigating alleged summary executions by members of the DRC armed forces and DRC-backed Wazalendo militias.

UN human rights officials are also examining reports of death threats, detention, and other reprisals against human rights defenders, journalists, and civil society members perceived as critical of the M23—including the alleged killings of at least two activists.

Sexual Violence

The Mission received reports of the “horrific” use of sexual violence by all parties as a means of reprisal against communities, relatives of perceived opponents, and people from different ethnic groups, said Mr. Türk.

In North and South Kivu, nearly 40 percent of survivors of sexual and gender-based violence are children. UNICEF estimated that during the most intense phase of the conflict, a child was raped every 30 minutes.

Mr. Türk called on “all parties to the conflict to commit immediately to a ceasefire and resume negotiations, and to respect international humanitarian and human rights law.”