EU Probes Google Over AI Data Use and Fair Competition

The European Union on Tuesday launched an antitrust investigation into whether Google violated competition rules by using content from media outlets and other publishers to train and operate its AI services without proper compensation.

The European Commission said the probe aims to determine whether the tech giant imposed unfair terms on publishers and content creators, or gave itself privileged access to their material, thereby distorting competition.

“A free and democratic society depends on diverse media, open access to information, and a vibrant creative landscape,” said the EU’s competition chief, Teresa Ribera. She added that while AI brings significant innovation and benefits, it must not undermine core societal principles.

The investigation will focus on two main concerns.
First, regulators will examine whether Google used YouTube videos to train its generative AI models without adequately remunerating creators or allowing them the option to refuse such use of their content.
According to the Commission, Google does not pay YouTube creators for the use of their material in AI training, and uploading content to the platform automatically allows Google to use it, while rival AI developers are barred by YouTube policies from doing the same.

Second, the inquiry will assess whether Google used material from other websites, including news outlets, to deliver AI-generated services—such as search summaries and “AI Mode”, a chatbot-style search tool—without compensation or an opt-out mechanism for publishers.

“We are investigating whether Google may have imposed unfair terms and conditions on publishers and content creators, while placing rival AI model developers at a disadvantage,” Ribera said.

The Commission has not set a deadline for concluding the probe, and its launch does not presuppose the outcome. However, Google could face a substantial fine if found in violation of EU competition rules.